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埃塞俄比亚西南部Bench-Maji地区Guraferda地区土地利用/土地覆盖变化的驱动因素

摘要

土地利用/土地覆被变化(LULCC)分析是规划和决策所必需的重要信息。然而，有关Guraferda地区LULCC司机的最新信息被发现缺乏。因此，本研究旨在确定该地区30年内LULCC的类型、范围及其驱动因素。从1984 /ETM/、2001/ETM+/和2015/OLI/ 3期Landsat影像中提取信息进行LULCC分析。社会经济数据通过家庭调查、关键信息访谈和小组讨论收集。数据分析采用ERDAS imagine(9.1版)、ArcGIS(10.1版)、SPSS(20版)以及Microsoft Excel软件完成。对于1984年和2001年的陆地卫星图像，有四个LULC类别，即灌木/灌木地、草地、天然林和农业用地/定居点，而2015年LULCC分析确定了一个额外的LULC类别(种植园咖啡)。LULCC分析的结果显示，在相应的年份，LULC类别发生了显著的转变。1984年，草地、灌丛地和天然林分别占总面积(2565.42km2)的30.4%、33.8%和35.2%。但同时，农业用地/居民点占全区面积的0.6%。 In 2001, natural forest declined to 29.86%, whereas grassland, shrub/bush land, and agricultural land/settlement increased to 31.61%, 37.14%, and 1.39%, respectively. After three decades, in 2015, agricultural land/settlement increased to 18.35% of the area while grass land, shrub/bush land, and natural forest decreased to 27.37%, 18.11%, and 25.76% of the district total area, respectively. At the same time new land use type (plantation coffee) have emerged and increased to10.41% of the district area. Findings of this study showed the existence of LULCC with a significant expansion of agricultural land/settlement and plantation coffee while decreasing trends of shrub/bush land, grass land, and natural forest. Resettlement, agricultural investment, government policies, poor governances within the district, subsistence agricultural land expansion, fuel wood collection, wood extraction for house construction, wildfire, and land certification problems were identified as a driver of those LULCC in the district. Thus, the study concluded the interaction of proximate and underlying causes forced the district to LULCC.

保护海尔·盖塞斯

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