动脉粥样硬化的病理

文摘

动脉粥样硬化疾病的可能是一个模式的墙内动脉硬化动脉发育异常,称为病变。这些病变可能导致缩小,因为脂肪斑块的累积。最初,通常没有症状。一旦严重,它可能导致动脉良性疾病,中风,外周动脉疾病,或排泄器官问题,指望动脉的影响。症状,如果他们发生,通常不会开始直到生命的时间。确切的原因并不是众所周知的。

描述

动脉粥样硬化疾病的可能是一个模式的墙内动脉硬化动脉发育异常,称为病变。这些病变可能导致缩小,因为脂肪斑块的累积。最初,通常没有症状。一旦严重,它可能导致动脉良性疾病,中风,外周动脉疾病,或排泄器官问题,指望动脉的影响。症状,如果他们发生,通常不会开始直到生命的时间。确切的原因并不是众所周知的。风险因素体现固醇水平异常、炎症标记物水平的升高,高压力水平、糖尿病、吸烟、肥胖、病历和不健康的饮食。从脂肪斑块形成,甾醇、钙、和替代物质在血液中发现。动脉狭窄的限制了含有氧气的血液流向身体的元素。诊断依赖于物理通信、图像和运动检查,等等。 Prevention is mostly by consumption a healthy diet, exercising, not smoking, and maintaining a traditional weight. Treatment of established malady might embody medications to lower sterol like statins, pressure level medication, or medications that decrease natural action, like analgesic. Variety of procedures may additionally be applied like connective tissue coronary intervention, arteria coronaria bypass graft, or arteria extirpation. Atherosclerosis usually starts once an individual is young and worsens with age. Most individuals are affected to a point by the age of sixty five. It’s the amount one reason for death and incapacity within the developed world. The induration of the arteries method isn't well understood. Induration of the arteries is related to inflammatory processes within the epithelial tissue cells of the vessel wall related to maintained beta-lipoprotein (LDL) particles. This retention could also be a cause, an effect, or both, of the underlying inflammatory method. Carotid arteries offer blood to the brain and neck. Marked narrowing of the arteria arteries will gift with symptoms like a sense of weakness, not having the ability to suppose straight, issue speaking, turning into dizzy and issue in walking or standing up straight, blurred vision, symptom of the face, arms, and legs, severe headache and losing consciousness. These symptoms are associated with stroke (death of brain cells). Stroke is caused by marked narrowing or closure of arteries reaching to the brain; lack of adequate blood offer results in the death of the cells of the affected tissue. The presence of the plaque induces the muscle cells of the vas to stretch, compensating for the extra bulk, and therefore the epithelial tissue lining thickens, increasing the separation between the plaque and lumen. This somewhat offsets the narrowing caused by the expansion of the plaque, however it causes the wall to stiffen and quieted down compliant to stretching with every heartbeat.

周边动脉提供血液,腿,胳膊,和骨盆,结合地专长缩小由于斑块破裂和血栓。标志明显缩小广场测量症状不时的胳膊或腿,除了痛苦。空斑形成的另一个重要的位置是排泄器官动脉,提供血液,肾脏。斑块发生率和积累导致熔化的排泄器官血流和慢性肾病变,通常,像所有的不同区域,广场上测量到晚期。